Spatial and sociodemographic determinants of energy consumption for personal mobility in the Netherlands

We used a combination of logistic and multilinear regression models to analyze how the built environment people's sociodemographic characteristics are related energy consumption for personal mobility in Netherlands. This was accurately comprehensively quantified based on distances travelled with large number modes, different types cars, occupancy probability staying home. Local density found be most important aspect environment: it strongly reduced both using passive mode transportation associated consumption. Other relevant spatial variables included landuse mix entropy, green space, city centers, supermarkets, train stations. Sociodemographic were, however, more overall. In particular, full-time employment higher Males, respondents from high-income households, education degree also consumed significantly despite owning efficient cars. Our results thus highlight importance an policy that goes beyond stimulation technological progress. • is active modes low mobility. Travel lower diverse, green, centrally positioned areas. than environment. The employed, high earners, highly educated, males consume energy. These groups own cars but drive longer occupancies.